PMP

An effective tool for root cause analysis where the question 'Why?' is asked successively until the root cause is identified.

"The project team used the 5 Whys Method to determine the underlying cause of the recurring system error."

Also known as Pareto Principle, it is a guideline suggesting that 80% of effects come from 20% of the causes.

"In managing customer service, the team observed the 80/20 Rule by focusing on the critical 20% of complaints to improve satisfaction."

A method of comparing two versions of a webpage or app against each other to determine which one performs better.

"The marketing team conducted A/B Testing to decide between two different layouts for the web page."

Deliverables that meet the acceptance criteria and have been formally approved by the customer or sponsor.

"The final report was an Accepted Deliverable after it was signed off by the client."

A technique involving attentively listening to a speaker, understanding their message, and responding thoughtfully.

"During stakeholder meetings, project managers practice Active Listening to ensure all feedback is understood and addressed."

A type of project life cycle that is flexible and responsive to change.

"Our strategy was Adaptive, allowing us to swiftly incorporate customer feedback into the product's development."

A tool used to organize ideas into groups for analysis and review.

"The project team used an Affinity Diagram to categorize the issues which were surfaced in the brainstorming session."

A methodology focused on iterative development, where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration.

"Our software development team has adopted an Agile approach to accommodate the rapidly changing requirements."

The approved time-phased plan for a project, against which project execution is compared.

"The project's progress was measured against the Baseline to ensure it was on track."

A process of comparing business processes and performance metrics to industry bests or best practices.

"Benchmarking against leading competitors helped us identify areas for improvement."

A technique in which individuals generate ideas about project's issues or goals.

"A Brainstorming session was held to come up with creative solutions to the marketing challenge."

A process that ensures changes to a project are introduced in a controlled and coordinated manner.

"All requested changes went through Change Control before being implemented."

The sequence of activities in a project that determines the shortest possible duration to complete the project.

"By analyzing the Critical Path, the project manager recognized which activities could not be delayed without extending the project."

A project management technique that integrates scope, schedule, and cost for performance measurement.

"Earned Value Management helped in accurately forecasting the project completion date."

A type of bar chart that represents a project schedule and shows the dependency relationships between activities.

"Using a Gantt Chart, the team could visually track the progress against the project timelines."

A project life cycle where the project scope is determined early, but time and cost estimates are routinely modified as understanding increases.

"Our design project followed an Iterative Life Cycle allowing for adjustments based on client feedback after each phase."

A visual workflow management method used to visualize work, limit work-in-progress, and maximize efficiency.

"The development team used a Kanban board to monitor their workflow and ensure a balanced work load."

Reflective assessments made during or after a project to capture what was successful and what could be improved.

"The post-project review included documenting Lessons Learned to inform future projects."

A significant point or event in a project, program, or portfolio.

"Completing the prototype was an important Milestone as it signified the end of the design phase."

A statistical technique that computes and calculates the probability of different outcomes in a project.

"Monte Carlo Simulation was used to predict the success rates of various project scenarios."

A group of projects, programs, and other work that are grouped together to facilitate effective management.

"The company's Portfolio includes various infrastructure projects that are crucial for expansion."

The person responsible for defining features of the product and prioritizing requirements in agile projects.

"The Product Owner is collaborating with stakeholders to refine the product backlog for the next sprint."

A formal document that authorizes a project to begin and provides the project manager with the authority to apply resources to activities.

"The Project Charter was approved, officially kicking off the new initiative."

A technique used to resolve resource conflicts by delaying tasks to manage resource constraints.

"Resource Levelling was necessary when two critical tasks required the same equipment at the same time."

A plan for how risk management will be carried out, including how risks will be identified, analyzed, and managed.

"The Risk Management Plan identified potential obstacles and devised strategies to manage them effectively."

A framework within which people can address complex adaptive problems, while productively and creatively delivering products.

"The software team conducts daily Scrum meetings to discuss progress and obstacles."

Any individual, group, or organization that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a project.

"Engaging with a wide range of Stakeholders ensured that the project addressed a variety of needs and concerns."

The measurable difference between a baseline plan and the actual progress and performance.

"The project's Variance analysis revealed a need to adjust the budget to accommodate unforeseen costs."

A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team.

"The WBS provided a clear picture of the work that needed to be completed for the project's objectives."